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Etymological Legend | |
Ch | Chinese |
---|---|
CT | Common Turkic |
Kh | Khalkha Mongolian |
Khak | Khakas |
LM | Literary Mongolian |
LT | Literary Tibetan |
NE | Northeastern Turkic |
Rus | Russian |
Skt | Sanskrit |
- ïdïk holy, sacred. [<CT *ïduk]
- ïdïktïš holy, sacred.
- ïgban long dry branch, twiglet, brushwood; cf. ïgbïskan.
- ïgbïskan cf. ïgban long dry branch, twiglet, brushwood.
- ïgït- to exert oneself, to strain oneself.
- ïgla- to cry; ööreende ïglaar, xoradaanda kattïrar to cry when happy, to roar with laughter when angry. [<CT *ïgla-]
- ïgla-sïkta- to cry vehemently
- ïglačal whining.
- ïglačaŋna- to pretend to cry.
- ïglagan whining; ïglagan urug cry-baby.
- ïglaganmay cry-baby, sniveller.
- ïglaganna- to often cry.
- ïglagar: ïglagar karaktïg easily moved to tears.
- ïglančïg cry-baby.
- ïglaš- to cry together. [<CT *ïglaš-]
- ïglat- to cause to cry, to make cry. [<CT *ïglat-]
- ïglat-sïktat- to make cry vehemently.
- ïï-sïï weeping, crying.
- ïït sound.
- ïïtkïr resonant, voiced.
- ïïtta- to utter a sound, to speak.
- ïlaŋgïya specifically.
- ïlap exactly, really, truly, actually, indeed, probably; ïlap kïldïr really, actually, justly. [LM lab]
- ïlavïla- to specify, to define more precisely, to elaborate; ïlavïlap exactly, carefully; attentively. [cf. LM labla-]
- ïlga- to distinguish. [LM ilγa-]
- ïlgal difference. [LM ilγa-]
- ïlgaldïg different.
- ïlgal- to be distinguished.
- ïlgattïn- to be chosen, to be selected.
- ïlgïn quick(ly), fast. [LM ilγum]
- ïmïraa mosquito, gnat.
- ïmïra-seek (flying) insects.
- ïmïy bear.
- ïna- to agree. [<CT *una-]
- ïnaa a thin pole (part of the rafter of a yurt); cart; draught (animal).
- ïnaar to there, thither. [<CT *ïnaru]
- ïnak beloved; love; ; seŋee ïnak men I love you; čurtuvuska ïnak bis we love our country. [LM inag]
- ïnakšïl love.
- ïnan- to hope. [<CT *ïnan-]
- ïnanïš hope.
- ïnča so much, this much. [<CT *ïnča]
- ïnča- to do thus.
- ïnčaarda then, at that time; ïnčaardagï of that time.
- ïnčaarga thus, therefore.
- ïnčalza-daa but, however.
- ïnčalzažok but, however.
- ïnčan then, at that time.
- ïnčangaš therefore, that’s why, thus.
- ïnčanmïže but, however.
- ïnčaš- to do 'it' together, to have sex.
- ïnda thus, such; there. [cf. CT *anda]
- ïnda-kayda occasionally, sometimes.
- ïnda-mïnda here and there.
- ïnda-xaaya seldom, occasionally.
- ïndï the far side, the other side.
- ïndïg such a, as that; ïndïg bolza-daa but, however. [cf. CT *andag]
- ïngaar to that place, thither.
- ïŋay thither; ïŋay bol- to run thither.
- ïŋay-beer thither and hither.
- ïŋgïržak pack saddle. [<CT *ïŋïrčak]
- ïr song; kundaga ïrï drinking-song. [<CT *ïr]
- ïr-šoor songs and tunes.
- ïra- to go away from; to be far from. [<CT *ïra-]
- ïraažï singer; singing (bird).
- ïrak far; ïrakta at a far place, far from; ïrakkï čöön čük the Far East. [<CT *ïrak]
- ïrak-čook far and near.
- ïrak-uzak far, far away.
- ïrbïska fragile, frail, weak; cf. ïrbïskïn.
- ïrbïskïn fragile, frail, weak; ïrbïskïn kiži a frail person; cf. ïrbïska.
- ïrgak crooked, curved. [<CT *ïrgak]
- ïrgay fox-thorn, medlar. [LM irγai]
- ïrï- to disembowel.
- ïrïktaaš shorts, short trousers.
- ïrïm presentiment, premonition. [<CT *ïrïm]
- ïrïmna- to have a presentiment, premonition; to be superstitious, to believe in signs (omens).
- ïrïmnïg superstitious, believing in signs (omens).
- ïrïmza weak, puny.
- ïrla- to sing; ïrlaar-xaaržak gramophone. [<CT *ïrla-]
- ïrlan- to growl, snarl.
- ïrlaš- to sing together. [<CT *ïrlaš-]
- ïrlat- to let sing. [<CT *ïrlat-]
- ïrma patience, endurance.
- ïržanak the spring of a game trap.
- ïržïm quiet(ness), peaceful(ness).
- ïš smoke, fog. [<CT *ïš]
- ïš- (ïžar) to swell, to puff out, to blow. [<CT *sï:š-]
- ïškam stuffy, stifling.
- ïškaš similar, alike; xovagannar ïškaš like butterflies; ol ïškaš likewise. [<CT *oxšaš]
- ïškažïgay indeed, you know.
- ïškï- to puff, to pant.
- ïškïïšta- to puff, to pant.
- ïškïn- to fall, to fall off, to fall out, to sink, to lose. [<CT *ïčkïn-]
- ïšta- to smoke, to emit smoke. [<CT *ïšla-]
- ïštïg smokey.
- ït [ïht] dog; ïttan erttir- to deceive (lit. to cause to pass along the dog). [<*ït <CT *ïyt]
- ït- (ïdar) to send; to run; to tell a story; to guess a riddle. [<CT *ïd-]
- ïy- to press in. [<CT *ïy-]
- ïyak exactly, strongly.
- ïyančïg shameful, ashamed.
- ïyaš tree; wood; kara ïyaš mountainous coniferous forest. [<CT *ïgač]
- ïyaščï carpenter. [<CT *ïgaččï]
- ïyašsïg having the smell of wood (or of the forest).
- ïyat shame; ïyat čok shameless. [<CT *uyat]
- ïyat- to be ashamed. [<CT *uyat-]
- ïyba ashes. [cf. Tofa, Khak]
- ïybaaŋgï barn-owl.
- ïygï (of some wild animals, e.g. bears) very fat and strong, beefy; ïygï adïg extremely fat and strong bear; ïygï tarbagan extremely fat and strong marmot.
- ïyïk dent; small hole. [cf. Tofa]
- ïyïl- to be pressed in; to be bent.
- ïyïlčak dented.
- ïyït- to press; to strain oneself.
- ïynaan could be, must be, possibly, eventually.
- ïzïguur origin; cultural heritage. [LM iĵaγur]
- ïzïguurtan aristocrat. [LM iĵaγurtan]
- ïzïr- [ïhzïr-] to bite, to hold between the teeth; ït bičii ooldu ïzïrïpkan the dog bit the small child; ïzïrar kïskaš cutting pliers, pincers, tongs. [<CT *ïsïr-]
- ïzïrïš- to bite together, to bite one another.
- ïzïrïn- to clench one’s teeth; to grind one’s teeth in anger; to cling to, to clutch at; ooŋ dišteri ïzïrtïna bergen s/he clenched her teeth; bürüler ïyašta aray boorda ïzïrtïnïp turgannar the leaves just managed to cling to the trees; cf. *ïzïrtïn-. [<CT *ïsïrïn-]
- ïzïrtïn- cf. ïzïrïn- to clench one’s teeth; to cling to.
- ïžïk leeward. [cf. Khak, Tofa]
- ïžïk [ïhžïk] swelling, tumour; swollen.